SCIENCE(Q)

CHAPTER 1 IS MATTER AROUND US PURE?Read Moreâž”

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

  1. What is the basic building block of matter? a. Atom b. Molecule c. Element d. Compound

  2. Which of the following is a pure substance? a. Saltwater b. Air c. Gold d. Milk

  3. Which method is used to separate components of a mixture based on their boiling points? a. Filtration b. Distillation c. Evaporation d. Chromatography

  4. In the process of filtration, what is the purpose of the filter paper? a. To dissolve solutes b. To separate insoluble solids c. To speed up the process d. To enhance color

  5. A solution is an example of which type of mixture? a. Homogeneous b. Heterogeneous c. Colloidal d. Suspension

  6. Which of the following is a colloid? a. Saltwater b. Milk c. Sand and water d. Sugar solution

  7. What is the main characteristic of a suspension? a. Particles settle down on standing b. Particles are very small c. Particles do not scatter light d. Particles pass through filter paper

  8. Which of the following is a chemical change? a. Melting ice b. Dissolving salt in water c. Burning paper d. Cutting wood

  9. What is the process of converting a gas into a liquid called? a. Sublimation b. Condensation c. Evaporation d. Melting

  10. Which of the following is not a separation technique? a. Filtration b. Sublimation c. Distillation d. Condensation

Fill in the Blanks:

  1. The smallest particle of an element is called _______.
  2. A _______ has a fixed composition.
  3. The technique used to separate a mixture of liquids with different boiling points is called _______.
  4. The process of conversion of a solid directly into a gas is called _______.
  5. The component which is dissolved in the solvent to form a solution is called the _______.
  6. A substance that cannot be decomposed into simpler substances by chemical methods is called a _______.
  7. The technique used to separate components of a mixture based on their ability to be attracted to a magnet is called _______.
  8. The separation technique used to separate colored components of ink is called _______.
  9. A heterogeneous mixture of solid particles dispersed in a liquid medium is called a _______.
  10. The process of conversion of a gas into a liquid is called _______.

True/False:

  1. All mixtures are impure substances. (True/False)
  2. Compounds can only be separated by chemical methods. (True/False)
  3. Filtration is a method to separate a mixture of two liquids. (True/False)
  4. Sublimation is the process of converting a gas into a liquid. (True/False)
  5. A solution is a homogeneous mixture. (True/False)

Short Answer Questions:

  1. Define the term ‘pure substance.’
  2. Explain the difference between a homogeneous and heterogeneous mixture.
  3. Give an example of a colloid and describe its properties.
  4. What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?
  5. How does distillation work, and for what type of mixtures is it suitable?

Long Answer Questions:

  1. Describe the process of filtration. Provide an example.
  2. Explain the methods of separating a mixture of common salt and water.
  3. Discuss the different methods of separation of mixtures used in the industry.
  4. Elaborate on the properties and uses of colloids.
  5. Provide an overview of the classification of matter with suitable examples.

Application-Based Questions:

  1. Suggest a method to separate a mixture of alcohol and water.
  2. Explain the importance of separation techniques in the pharmaceutical industry.
  3. How would you separate a mixture of sand and common salt?
  4. Describe a real-life situation where the principles of chromatography can be applied.
  5. Discuss the environmental implications of various separation methods.

    Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

    1. What is the process of conversion of a liquid into a gas called? a. Freezing b. Condensation c. Evaporation d. Sublimation

    2. Which of the following is an example of a physical change? a. Burning wood b. Rusting of iron c. Melting ice d. Digestion of food

    3. What is the chemical formula for water? a. H2O b. CO2 c. O2 d. NaCl

    4. Which separation technique is most effective for separating components of ink? a. Filtration b. Evaporation c. Distillation d. Chromatography

    5. What is the pH of pure water? a. 7 b. 0 c. 14 d. 1

    6. Which of the following is an example of a compound? a. Oxygen b. Hydrogen c. Carbon dioxide d. Neon

    7. What happens to the particles in a substance during a physical change? a. They break down into simpler particles. b. They rearrange themselves without breaking bonds. c. They form new compounds. d. They become radioactive.

    8. Which separation technique is suitable for separating a mixture of oil and water? a. Filtration b. Distillation c. Decantation d. Chromatography

    9. The process of conversion of a gas into a solid without passing through the liquid state is called _______. a. Condensation b. Sublimation c. Deposition d. Solidification

    10. What is the effect of impurities on the boiling point of a substance? a. Increases b. Decreases c. Remains the same d. Cannot be determined

    Fill in the Blanks:

    1. _______ is a method of separation based on the different rates of movement of particles in a mixture.
    2. The separation of the colored components of a dye is achieved through _______.
    3. A _______ is a mixture of two or more metals.
    4. The process of conversion of a solid directly into a gas without passing through the liquid state is known as _______.
    5. The pH scale ranges from _______ to _______.

    True/False:

    1. All elements are compounds. (True/False)
    2. The process of sublimation is reversible. (True/False)
    3. The boiling point of a substance is constant under normal conditions. (True/False)
    4. An element can be broken down into simpler substances by chemical methods. (True/False)
    5. Filtration is a technique that can be used to separate components of a solution. (True/False)

    Short Answer Questions:

    1. Explain the difference between a solution and a suspension.
    2. Describe a situation in which condensation occurs naturally.
    3. How does the process of chromatography separate components in a mixture?
    4. Why is distillation an effective method for separating components in a mixture with different boiling points?
    5. What is the role of a solvent in the formation of a solution?

    Long Answer Questions:

    1. Compare and contrast physical changes and chemical changes with examples.
    2. Discuss the role of sieving in separating particles of different sizes.
    3. Explain the principle of centrifugation and its applications.
    4. Elaborate on the importance of separating mixtures in the field of environmental science.
    5. Discuss the significance of the law of conservation of mass in chemical reactions.

    Application-Based Questions:

    1. Propose a method to separate a mixture of sand and salt.
    2. How can the principles of distillation be applied in the purification of drinking water?
    3. Analyze the impact of pollution on the separation of components in natural resources.
    4. In what ways are separation techniques used in the food industry?
    5. Describe a scenario in which sublimation could be a useful separation method.

    These questions should provide a comprehensive assessment of the students’ understanding of the chapter. Feel free to modify them based on the specific focus areas of your curriculum.

CHAPTER-3 ATOMS AND MOLECULESRead Moreâž”

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

  1. What is the charge of an electron? a) Positive b) Negative c) Neutral d) Variable

  2. How many electrons can occupy the first energy level of an atom? a) 2 b) 4 c) 8 d) 16

  3. Which of the following elements has the highest atomic number? a) Hydrogen b) Oxygen c) Nitrogen d) Carbon

  4. What is the chemical symbol for potassium? a) K b) Pt c) Po d) P

  5. What is the molecular formula for sulfuric acid? a) SO₄ b) H₂SO₃ c) H₂SO₄ d) SO₃

Fill in the Blanks:

  1. The sum of protons and neutrons in an atom is called ___________.

  2. The number of atoms in one mole of a substance is known as ___________.

  3. A chemical bond formed by the sharing of electrons is called a ___________ bond.

  4. The mass of one mole of a substance is called its ___________.

  5. In a chemical equation, the number in front of a chemical formula is called the ___________.

True/False Questions:

  1. True or False: In an ionic bond, electrons are shared between atoms.

  2. True or False: The atomic number of an element is the same for all isotopes of that element.

  3. True or False: Compounds can be broken down into simpler substances by physical methods.

  4. True or False: A balanced chemical equation obeys the law of conservation of energy.

  5. True or False: All noble gases are chemically inert.

Match the Following:

  1. Match the element with its symbol.

    • A. Sodium 1. Na
    • B. Chlorine 2. Cl
    • C. Iron 3. Fe
    • D. Gold 4. Au

  2. Match the following terms with their definitions.

    • A. Molecule 1. Smallest particle of an element
    • B. Atom 2. Smallest particle of a compound
    • C. Element 3. Two or more atoms chemically combined
    • D. Compound 4. Pure substance made of only one type of atom

Short Answer Questions:

  1. Explain the difference between an element and a compound.

  2. Define the term ‘valency’ of an element.

  3. How is the mass number of an atom calculated?

  4. Write the electron dot structure for oxygen.

  5. Why do noble gases have a stable electron configuration?

Long Answer Questions:

  1. Describe the Bohr model of the atom.

  2. Explain the concept of isotopes with an example.

  3. Elaborate on the law of conservation of mass with suitable examples.

  4. Discuss the formation of ionic bonds with examples.

  5. How does the modern periodic table differ from Mendeleev’s periodic table?

Numerical Problems:

  1. Calculate the number of moles in 18 grams of water.

  2. If an element has an atomic mass of 56 and an atomic number of 26, calculate the number of neutrons.

  3. Determine the molar mass of carbon dioxide (COâ‚‚).

  4. If 0.5 moles of a substance contain 6.022 × 10²³ particles, find the Avogadro’s number.

  5. Calculate the mass of 3 moles of nitrogen molecules (Nâ‚‚).

Application-Based Questions:

  1. How does the concept of isotopes find applications in medicine?

  2. Explain the role of catalysts in chemical reactions.

  3. Discuss the environmental impact of chemical reactions involved in the formation of acid rain.

  4. How does the knowledge of chemical reactions contribute to the field of nanotechnology?

  5. Describe the importance of the periodic table in predicting the properties of elements.

Experimental-Based Questions:

  1. Design an experiment to verify the law of conservation of mass.

  2. Outline the steps involved in the synthesis of a simple chemical compound in the laboratory.

  3. Explain how you would test the presence of hydrogen gas in a given sample.

  4. Design an experiment to demonstrate the law of definite proportions.

  5. Describe an experiment to compare the reactivity of different metals with water.

Higher-Order Thinking Questions:

  1. Evaluate the impact of nuclear reactions on society and the environment.

  2. Critically analyze the limitations of the Bohr model of the atom.

  3. Predict the chemical properties of an element based on its position in the periodic table.

  4. Debate the ethical considerations of using nuclear reactions for energy production.

  5. Discuss the challenges and opportunities in the field of green chemistry.

Case Study Questions:

  1. Read a case study about a chemical spill. Discuss the potential environmental and health impacts, as well as preventive measures.

  2. Analyze a case study on the use of a particular isotope in medical imaging. Discuss its advantages and potential risks.

  3. Explore a case study on the discovery of a new element. Discuss the implications for the periodic table and the scientific community.

Practical-Based Questions:

  1. Describe a laboratory experiment to distinguish between a metal and a non-metal.

  2. Explain the steps involved in titration and its application in quantitative analysis.

  3. Discuss the precautions to be taken while performing a flame test to identify metal ions.

  4. Design a procedure to investigate the effect of concentration on the rate of a chemical reaction.

  5. Outline the process of fractional distillation and its application in separating a mixture.

Critical Thinking Questions:

  1. Reflect on the societal and ethical implications of using genetically modified organisms in agriculture.

  2. Consider the impact of synthetic polymers on the environment. Propose sustainable alternatives.

  3. Discuss the role of chemistry in addressing global challenges, such as climate change and pollution.

  4. Evaluate the effectiveness of various methods of water purification. Suggest improvements or alternatives.

  5. Analyze the ethical considerations of using chemical additives in food production.

Project-Based Questions:

  1. Propose a project to investigate the water quality in your local area. What chemical tests would you conduct, and why?

  2. Design a project to explore the uses of nanomaterials in medicine. What potential benefits and challenges might arise?

  3. Create a project that explores the chemistry of everyday household products. What safety precautions would you consider?

  4. Develop a project on the historical development of the periodic table. What key milestones and contributions would you highlight?

  5. Propose a project that investigates the impact of various factors on the rate of a chemical reaction.

Revision-Based Questions:

  1. Review the differences between physical and chemical changes. Provide examples of each.

  2. Summarize the key features of Dalton’s atomic theory.

  3. Discuss the trends in the periodic table related to atomic size and electronegativity.

  4. Explain the process of ionic bonding using the example of sodium chloride.

  5. Outline the steps involved in balancing a chemical equation.

Application of Chemistry in Daily Life:

  1. Discuss how knowledge of chemistry is essential in cooking and food preparation.

  2. Explain the role of preservatives in extending the shelf life of food products.

  3. Analyze the chemical composition of common household cleaning agents.

  4. Investigate the impact of air pollution on the chemistry of the atmosphere.

  5. Discuss the chemistry behind the working of common medicinal drugs.

Interdisciplinary Questions:

  1. Explore the intersection of chemistry and biology. How does knowledge of chemistry contribute to the field of biochemistry?

  2. Discuss the role of chemistry in addressing challenges in environmental science and sustainability.

  3. Analyze the connections between chemistry and technology. How has chemistry contributed to advancements in technology?

  4. Explore the role of chemistry in medicine. How do pharmaceutical compounds interact with the human body?

  5. Investigate the overlap between chemistry and physics. How do chemical reactions involve principles of physics?

Ethical Considerations in Chemistry:

  1. Reflect on the ethical implications of conducting experiments on animals for chemical research.

  2. Discuss the responsibility of scientists in communicating the potential risks of chemical substances to the public.

  3. Explore the ethical considerations in the use of chemical weapons. How can international agreements address these concerns?

  4. Reflect on the ethical issues surrounding the disposal of chemical waste. What practices can minimize environmental impact?

  5. Discuss the ethical considerations of genetic engineering in the field of synthetic biology.

Advanced Topics in Chemistry:

  1. Explore the principles of quantum chemistry. How does it contribute to our understanding of atomic and molecular behavior?

  2. Discuss the concept of chirality in organic chemistry. Why is it important in the field of drug development?

  3. Investigate the principles behind chromatography as a separation technique in analytical chemistry.

  4. Explore the applications of spectroscopy in the identification of chemical compounds.

  5. Discuss the principles of green chemistry and its potential to revolutionize the field. Provide examples of green chemical practices.

These questions cover a broad spectrum of topics within the chapter “Atoms and Molecules” and should be helpful for thorough revision and understanding of the subject.

CHAPTER-4 STRUCTURE OF THE ATOMRead Moreâž”

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

  1. The nucleus of an atom contains: a) Electrons b) Protons and neutrons c) Protons and electrons d) Neutrons and electrons

  2. Who discovered the neutron? a) J.J. Thomson b) Ernest Rutherford c) James Chadwick d) Niels Bohr

  3. The atomic number represents the number of: a) Protons b) Neutrons c) Electrons d) Nucleons

  4. The maximum number of electrons in the second energy level is: a) 2 b) 8 c) 18 d) 32

  5. The mass number is the sum of: a) Protons and electrons b) Protons and neutrons c) Electrons and neutrons d) Nucleons

True/False Questions: 6. Electrons are located outside the nucleus. (True/False)

  1. All isotopes of an element have the same atomic number. (True/False)

  2. J.J. Thomson proposed the nuclear model of the atom. (True/False)

  3. The number of neutrons in an atom is equal to the mass number. (True/False)

  4. Electrons have a positive charge. (True/False)

Fill in the Blanks: 11. The subatomic particle with no charge is called ___________.

  1. The atomic mass is determined by the sum of ___________ and ___________.

  2. The maximum number of electrons in the third energy level is ___________.

  3. The electrons in the outermost energy level are called ___________.

  4. The symbol for an atom with 8 protons, 8 neutrons, and 8 electrons is ___________.

Short Answer Questions: 16. Explain the significance of the atomic number in the periodic table.

  1. Differentiate between cations and anions.

  2. State Bohr’s postulates about the hydrogen atom.

  3. What is the difference between the mass number and the atomic mass?

  4. Define the term ‘isotopes’ and provide an example.

Long Answer Questions: 21. Describe Rutherford’s alpha-particle scattering experiment. What were its conclusions?

  1. Explain the concept of electronic configuration. Provide an example.

  2. Discuss the limitations of Bohr’s model of the atom.

  3. How do electrons move in different energy levels? Explain with diagrams.

  4. Describe the modern atomic model, highlighting the contributions of different scientists.

Application-Based Questions: 26. An element has an atomic number of 20. Determine the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons.

  1. Choose an element and explain how its isotopes are used in various fields.

  2. How does the atomic structure of an element affect its position in the periodic table?

  3. Discuss the practical applications of understanding the atomic structure.

  4. Explain how atomic structure influences the chemical behavior of elements.

Value-Based Questions: 31. Why is it important for scientists to study the structure of the atom?

  1. How has our understanding of the atom evolved over time, and what impact has it had on society?

  2. Discuss the ethical considerations related to atomic research.

  3. Why is it crucial for students to grasp the concept of atomic structure?

  4. How can knowledge of the atomic structure contribute to technological advancements?

Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) Questions: 36. Evaluate the impact of the discovery of isotopes on our understanding of atomic structure.

  1. Analyze the relationship between atomic structure and chemical properties.

  2. Compare and contrast the atomic models proposed by Dalton, Thomson, and Rutherford.

  3. Critically evaluate the Bohr model of the atom in light of modern discoveries.

  4. Predict the properties of an element based on its atomic structure.

Practical-Based Questions: 41. Design an experiment to demonstrate the presence of subatomic particles in an atom.

  1. Discuss the challenges scientists face when studying particles at the atomic level.

  2. How would you determine the electron configuration of an element using experimental methods?

  3. Propose an experiment to differentiate between isotopes of an element.

  4. Explain how advancements in technology have improved our understanding of atomic structure.

Miscellaneous Questions: 46. What is the significance of the term ‘nucleon’?

  1. How does the size of an atom change as you move across a period in the periodic table?

  2. Define the terms ‘valence electrons’ and ‘core electrons.’

  3. Explain the concept of a subshell in relation to electron configuration.

  4. Why is the atomic radius generally larger for elements located in the lower periods of the periodic table?

Note: The questions provided here cover a wide range of cognitive levels, as per CBSE guidelines. Depending on the specific focus and depth of understanding required, you can select questions accordingly. Adjustments can also be made based on the level of difficulty suitable for your students.

CHAPTER-5 THE FUNDAMENTAL UNIT OF LIFERead Moreâž”

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

  1. What is the basic unit of life? a) Organism b) Tissue c) Cell d) Organ

  2. Who discovered the cell? a) Robert Hooke b) Anton van Leeuwenhoek c) Louis Pasteur d) Gregor Mendel

  3. Which organelle is known as the “powerhouse of the cell”? a) Nucleus b) Ribosome c) Mitochondria d) Chloroplast

  4. What is the function of the endoplasmic reticulum? a) Synthesis of lipids b) Synthesis of proteins c) Storage of water d) Detoxification of drugs

  5. Which type of cells lack a well-defined nucleus? a) Prokaryotic cells b) Eukaryotic cells c) Animal cells d) Plant cells

Fill in the Blanks: 6. The ____________ is responsible for maintaining cell shape.

  1. The process by which cells take in substances from the surroundings is called ____________.

  2. The ____________ is a sac-like structure that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates.

  3. The control center of the cell is the ____________.

  4. The cell theory states that all cells come from ____________ cells.

True/False: 11. True/False: The cell wall is a characteristic feature of animal cells.

  1. True/False: The Golgi apparatus is responsible for the synthesis of proteins.

  2. True/False: All living organisms are composed of cells.

  3. True/False: Eukaryotic cells have a well-defined nucleus.

  4. True/False: The nucleus contains genetic material in the form of RNA.

Short Answer Questions: 16. Differentiate between plant and animal cells.

  1. Name two cell organelles involved in the process of energy production.

  2. Explain the significance of the cell membrane.

  3. State the three components of the cell theory.

  4. Describe the structure and function of the nucleus.

Long Answer Question: 21. Elaborate on the discoveries of Robert Hooke and Anton van Leeuwenhoek in the field of cell biology.

Application-based Question: 22. How does the structure of a nerve cell relate to its function?

Diagram-based Question: 23. Draw a labeled diagram of a plant cell and explain the function of each organelle.

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs): 24. Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the cell? a) Golgi apparatus b) Peroxisome c) Lysosome d) Endoplasmic reticulum

  1. The process of converting light energy into chemical energy in plant cells occurs in the ____________. a) Nucleus b) Chloroplast c) Mitochondria d) Endoplasmic reticulum

  2. The term “plasma membrane” is synonymous with ____________. a) Cell wall b) Cell membrane c) Nuclear membrane d) Endoplasmic reticulum

  3. Who proposed the cell theory? a) Robert Hooke b) Anton van Leeuwenhoek c) Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann d) Rudolf Virchow

  4. The organelle involved in cellular digestion and waste disposal is the ____________. a) Nucleus b) Ribosome c) Lysosome d) Vacuole

Fill in the Blanks: 29. The process by which cells release energy from glucose is called ____________.

  1. The outermost boundary of an animal cell is called the ____________.

  2. The site of protein synthesis in a cell is the ____________.

  3. The movement of substances across the cell membrane without the use of energy is called ____________.

  4. The ____________ provides structural support to plant cells.

True/False: 34. True/False: The cytoplasm is a membrane-bound organelle.

  1. True/False: The endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for the synthesis of lipids.

  2. True/False: Animal cells typically have a large central vacuole.

  3. True/False: Prokaryotic cells lack membrane-bound organelles.

  4. True/False: All living organisms are composed of cells with a well-defined nucleus.

Short Answer Questions: 39. Explain how facilitated diffusion differs from active transport.

  1. Name the two types of endoplasmic reticulum and describe their functions.

  2. Discuss the importance of cell division in maintaining life processes.

  3. What is the role of the Golgi apparatus in the cell?

  4. Differentiate between rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Long Answer Question: 44. Describe the structure and function of mitochondria. How are they essential for cellular respiration?

Application-based Question: 45. How does the structure of a red blood cell (erythrocyte) relate to its function in the human body?

Diagram-based Question: 46. Draw a labeled diagram of an animal cell and explain the function of each organelle.

CHAPTER-6 TISSUESRead Moreâž”

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

  1. What is the basic structural unit of a tissue? a) Atom
    b) Cell
    c) Molecule
    d) Organ

  2. Which of the following tissues provides support and mechanical strength to plants? a) Epithelial tissue
    b) Muscular tissue
    c) Collenchyma tissue
    d) Nervous tissue

  3. The tissue responsible for the movement of limbs is: a) Epithelial tissue
    b) Connective tissue
    c) Muscular tissue
    d) Nervous tissue

  4. Xylem and phloem are examples of: a) Connective tissue
    b) Epithelial tissue
    c) Plant tissues
    d) Nervous tissue

  5. What is the function of blood tissue in the human body? a) Transport of nutrients
    b) Support and protection
    c) Movement
    d) Control and coordination

True/False Questions

  1. Tissues are only found in animals, not in plants. a) True
    b) False

  2. Meristematic tissues in plants are responsible for growth. a) True
    b) False

  3. Connective tissues provide mechanical support to the body. a) True
    b) False

  4. Epithelial tissues are involved in the transportation of water and nutrients in plants. a) True
    b) False

  5. Blood is a type of connective tissue. a) True
    b) False

Fill in the Blanks

  1. The structural and functional unit of nervous tissue is the __________.
  2. The type of tissue that covers the surface of the body and lines internal organs is called __________ tissue.
  3. __________ tissues have the ability to contract and relax.
  4. The cell walls of sclerenchyma tissues are heavily impregnated with __________.
  5. The process of cell division in meristematic tissues is known as __________.

Match the Following

  1. Column A: | A. Epidermis |

    • Column B: | i. Transport of water and minerals in plants |

  2. Column A: | B. Nervous Tissue |

    • Column B: | ii. Covers the outer surface of the body |

  3. Column A: | C. Xylem Tissue |

    • Column B: | iii. Transmitting electrical signals in the body |

Short Answer Questions

  1. Explain the role of phloem tissue in plants.
  2. Differentiate between simple and compound tissues with examples.
  3. Why is the study of tissues important in understanding the functioning of organs?

Long Answer Questions

  1. Describe the structure and function of muscular tissue in the human body.
  2. Explain the process of wound healing in multicellular organisms involving different types of tissues.
  3. Discuss the importance of connective tissues in the human body.

Diagram-Based Questions

  1. Label the different types of tissues in the diagram below.

Tissue Diagram

Application-Based Questions

  1. How do the characteristics of epithelial tissues contribute to their functions in specific organs?
  2. Suggest reasons why an athlete might have a higher proportion of muscular tissues compared to a sedentary person.

Research-Oriented Questions

  1. Investigate and list three examples of diseases related to tissues. Explain their impact on the affected organs.

Case Study

  1. Read the case study about a plant with wilting leaves. Identify the possible tissue-related issues and suggest solutions.

Project-Based Questions

  1. Design a project to investigate the types of tissues present in various plant leaves. Provide a step-by-step procedure.

    Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs)

    1. Which type of tissue is responsible for rapid healing of wounds in the human body? a) Muscular tissue
      b) Meristematic tissue
      c) Connective tissue
      d) Epithelial tissue

    2. What is the primary function of the meristematic tissue in plants? a) Storage of food
      b) Mechanical support
      c) Growth and development
      d) Photosynthesis

    3. Which of the following is a function of adipose tissue? a) Support and protection
      b) Storage of fat
      c) Transportation of nutrients
      d) Conduction of nerve impulses

    4. The tissue responsible for voluntary body movements is called: a) Cardiac tissue
      b) Skeletal tissue
      c) Smooth tissue
      d) Nervous tissue

    5. In which plant organ can you find collenchyma tissue? a) Roots
      b) Leaves
      c) Stem
      d) Flowers

    True/False Questions

    1. The epidermis in plants is a protective tissue. a) True
      b) False

    2. Meristematic tissues are found in mature, fully grown plants. a) True
      b) False

    3. Adipose tissue stores energy in the form of glycogen. a) True
      b) False

    4. Smooth muscle tissue is under voluntary control. a) True
      b) False

    5. Cork cambium is an example of meristematic tissue. a) True
      b) False

    Fill in the Blanks

    1. The structural and functional unit of skeletal muscle tissue is the __________.
    2. Collenchyma tissues provide __________ support to plant organs.
    3. The conducting cells in xylem tissue are called __________.
    4. Adipose tissue acts as an insulator due to the presence of __________.
    5. The growth in plants is mainly restricted to regions containing __________ tissues.

    Match the Following

    1. Column A: | D. Cardiac Tissue |

      • Column B: | iv. Storage of fat |

    2. Column A: | E. Collenchyma Tissue |

      • Column B: | v. Pumping blood in the heart |

    3. Column A: | F. Adipose Tissue |

      • Column B: | vi. Flexible support in young plant parts |

    Short Answer Questions

    1. Explain the importance of epithelial tissues in the absorption of nutrients in the human digestive system.
    2. Describe the role of ground tissues in plants.
    3. How does the structure of smooth muscle tissue relate to its function?

    Long Answer Questions

    1. Discuss the significance of supportive tissues in maintaining the structural integrity of the human body.
    2. Explain the adaptive features of xylem and phloem tissues in plants.
    3. Describe the role of nervous tissue in transmitting signals in the human body.

    Diagram-Based Questions

    1. Draw a labeled diagram of a plant cell showing the locations of different types of tissues.

    Application-Based Questions

    1. In what ways can knowledge of plant tissues be applied in agriculture for crop improvement?
    2. Explain how the lack of proper functioning of connective tissues can lead to joint-related problems in humans.

    Research-Oriented Questions

    1. Research and provide examples of genetic disorders related to abnormalities in connective tissues.
    2. Investigate and present a case study on tissue engineering and its applications in medical science.

    Case Study

    1. Read the case study on an athlete experiencing muscle fatigue. Analyze the possible tissue-related issues and propose preventive measures.

    Project-Based Questions

    1. Design a project to study the impact of environmental factors on the growth of plant tissues.

    These questions further diversify the assessment criteria and cover various aspects of the “Tissues” chapter in Class 10 Science. Feel free to adapt them based on the specific focus of your curriculum.

CHAPTER-7 MOTIONRead Moreâž”

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

  1. What is the SI unit of speed? a) m/s b) km/h c) m d) km/s

  2. Which of the following is a scalar quantity? a) Velocity b) Speed c) Acceleration d) Displacement

  3. If an object is moving with a constant speed, what can we say about its acceleration? a) It is positive b) It is negative c) It is zero d) It is changing

  4. Which type of motion is exhibited by a swinging pendulum? a) Rectilinear b) Circular c) Periodic d) Oscillatory

  5. If the speed-time graph is a straight line parallel to the time axis, what type of motion does it represent? a) Uniform motion b) Non-uniform motion c) Rest d) Accelerated motion

True/False Questions:

  1. An object can be in motion even if its speed is zero. a) True b) False

  2. Acceleration is always in the direction of motion. a) True b) False

  3. A car moving around a curved track is an example of rectilinear motion. a) True b) False

  4. Speed is a scalar quantity because it has both magnitude and direction. a) True b) False

  5. In uniform circular motion, the speed of the object remains constant. a) True b) False

Fill in the Blanks:

  1. The rate of change of velocity is called ___________.
  2. The area under the speed-time graph represents ___________.
  3. The formula for acceleration is ___________.
  4. Friction acts in the ___________ direction to the motion.
  5. The distance-time graph for uniform motion is a ___________ line.

Short Answer Questions:

  1. Define acceleration.
  2. Explain the difference between speed and velocity.
  3. How does air resistance affect the motion of a falling object?
  4. State the first equation of motion.
  5. Why is the acceleration due to gravity considered constant near the surface of the Earth?

Long Answer Questions:

  1. Differentiate between uniform and non-uniform motion.
  2. Describe the three equations of motion with examples.
  3. Explain how the acceleration-time graph can be used to interpret an object’s motion.
  4. Discuss the factors affecting friction and how it can be minimized.
  5. A car accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed of 20 m/s in 10 seconds. Calculate its acceleration.

Application-Based Questions:

  1. A train travels 500 km at a constant speed of 100 km/h. Calculate the time taken for the journey.
  2. A stone is thrown vertically upwards with a speed of 20 m/s. Calculate the time it takes to reach the highest point.
  3. Discuss the safety measures that should be taken while driving on a wet road.
  4. Explain how seat belts enhance safety during a car accident.
  5. A ball is thrown horizontally from the top of a building. Discuss its motion until it reaches the ground.

    Conceptual Questions:

    1. Explain the difference between speed and velocity. Provide examples.
    2. Why is the area under a velocity-time graph equal to the displacement of an object?
    3. Describe how a negative acceleration can occur in a moving object.
    4. Why is it important to consider the direction of motion when dealing with vectors like velocity?
    5. How does the slope of a distance-time graph relate to the speed of an object?

    Numerical Questions:

    1. A car accelerates from rest at 4 m/s². Calculate its final velocity after 8 seconds.
    2. If an object covers a distance of 50 meters in 5 seconds, calculate its average speed.
    3. A train decelerates uniformly from 80 m/s to 40 m/s in 10 seconds. Determine its acceleration.
    4. An object is thrown vertically upwards with an initial velocity of 30 m/s. Calculate the time it takes to reach the highest point.
    5. A cyclist covers a distance of 120 km in 4 hours. Calculate the average speed.

    Graph-Based Questions:

    1. Interpret the motion from the following velocity-time graph: Velocity-Time Graph
    2. Draw a speed-time graph for an object in uniform acceleration.
    3. Explain the motion represented by a distance-time graph with a constant positive slope.
    4. How can you determine the acceleration of an object from a velocity-time graph?
    5. What does a horizontal line on a speed-time graph indicate?

    Practical Application Questions:

    1. Discuss the role of air resistance in skydiving. How does it affect the motion of a skydiver?
    2. How does the use of brakes in a car relate to the concept of deceleration?
    3. Explain the importance of understanding motion concepts in designing amusement park rides.
    4. Discuss the safety measures and design considerations in constructing a curved road.
    5. How does the concept of projectile motion apply to sports like javelin throw or basketball shooting?

    Critical Thinking Questions:

    1. Debate the pros and cons of using speed bumps on roads for traffic calming.
    2. Analyze the impact of technology on transportation and its influence on motion.
    3. How might different road conditions (smooth vs. rough) affect the motion of a vehicle?
    4. Discuss the ethical considerations in the development of high-speed transportation systems.
    5. Evaluate the importance of understanding motion in various scientific and engineering fields.

    Experimental Questions:

    1. Propose an experiment to measure the acceleration due to gravity using simple materials.
    2. Design an experiment to investigate the relationship between the angle of an inclined plane and the acceleration of a sliding object.
    3. How could you experimentally determine the coefficient of friction between two surfaces?
    4. Describe an experiment to verify the laws of motion using a simple pendulum.
    5. Propose a hands-on activity to demonstrate the concept of centripetal force.

    Feel free to adapt these questions based on the specific focus and emphasis of your lesson and the level of your students.

CHAPTER-8 FORCE AND LAWS OF MOTIONRead Moreâž”

Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs):

  1. Which of the following is an example of a non-contact force? a) Friction b) Tension c) Magnetic force d) Normal force

  2. According to Newton’s third law, if object A exerts a force on object B, the reaction is: a) A force of equal magnitude in the same direction b) A force of equal magnitude in the opposite direction c) A force of different magnitude in the same direction d) No reaction force

  3. The SI unit of force is: a) Newton b) Joule c) Watt d) Pascal

Short Answer Questions:

  1. Explain the concept of inertia. Provide an example from daily life.

  2. State Newton’s third law of motion. Give an example to illustrate it.

  3. If an object has a mass of 5 kg and an acceleration of 2 m/s², calculate the force acting on it.

Application-Based Questions:

  1. A car of mass 1200 kg accelerates at 3 m/s². Calculate the force applied to it.

  2. A rocket is launched vertically. Discuss the forces acting on the rocket during takeoff.

  3. An object of mass 8 kg is placed on a horizontal surface. If a force of 20 N is applied to move it, and the frictional force is 12 N, calculate the acceleration.

Fill in the Blank:

  1. According to Newton’s second law, Force = ________ × ________.

  2. The tendency of an object to resist a change in its state of motion is known as ___________.

  3. The force of gravity on an object is also known as its ___________.

True/False Questions:

  1. True or False: According to Newton’s first law, an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an external force.

  2. True or False: In the absence of air resistance, all objects fall with the same acceleration regardless of their mass.

  3. True or False: Tension is an example of a contact force.

Diagram-Based Questions:

  1. Draw a free-body diagram for a book lying on a table.

  2. Sketch a situation where an object is experiencing balanced forces.

  3. Label the forces acting on a car moving at a constant velocity.

Long Answer/Explanatory Questions:

  1. Explain how Newton’s laws of motion are applicable in everyday activities.

  2. Discuss the factors that affect frictional force. Provide examples.

  3. Elaborate on the concept of terminal velocity. How does it relate to air resistance?

    Multiple-Choice Questions (MCQs):

    1. Which of the following is an example of an external force? a) Tension in a rope b) Gravity c) Friction d) Normal force

    2. According to Newton’s second law, the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its: a) Velocity b) Mass c) Momentum d) Inertia

    3. The force exerted by a stretched or compressed object, such as a spring, is known as: a) Tension force b) Spring force c) Normal force d) Magnetic force

    Short Answer Questions:

    1. Differentiate between mass and weight. Provide their respective SI units.

    2. State and explain Newton’s first law of motion with an example.

    3. Why does a passenger feel a backward force when a car suddenly accelerates forward?

    Application-Based Questions:

    1. A ball is thrown vertically upward. Discuss the forces acting on the ball during its ascent and descent.

    2. A person pushes a box across the floor with a constant velocity. Analyze the forces acting on the box.

    3. An astronaut is on the moon, where the acceleration due to gravity is about 1.6 m/s2. If the astronaut’s mass is 70 kg, calculate the force of gravity acting on him.

    Fill in the Blank:

    1. According to Newton’s third law, for every action, there is an equal and opposite ___________.

    2. The force that opposes the relative motion or tendency of such motion of two surfaces in contact is called ___________.

    3. The force acting on an object moving through a fluid is called ___________.

    True/False Questions:

    1. True or False: Inertia depends on the mass of an object.

    2. True or False: The net force acting on an object can be zero even if multiple forces are acting on it.

    3. True or False: The weight of an object on the moon is greater than its weight on Earth.

    Diagram-Based Questions:

    1. Draw a diagram illustrating Newton’s second law of motion.

    2. Label the forces acting on a block sliding down an inclined plane.

    3. Illustrate a scenario where an object is in equilibrium.

    Long Answer/Explanatory Questions:

    1. Explain how forces are involved in the motion of a pendulum.

    2. Discuss the role of friction in everyday life. Provide examples.

    3. Elaborate on the concept of action and reaction forces with suitable examples.

    Feel free to use, modify, or expand upon these questions based on the specific requirements and level of depth you want for your examination.

 CHAPTER-9 GRAVITATIONRead More➔

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

  1. What is the SI unit of gravitational force? a. Newton b. Joule c. Kilogram d. Meter

  2. According to Newton’s Law of Gravitation, how does the gravitational force between two objects change if the distance between them is doubled? a. Doubles b. Halves c. Quadruples d. Remains the same

  3. The mass of an object is 20 kg. What is its weight on Earth? (Take �=9.8 m/s2) a. 20 N b. 98 N c. 200 N d. 2 N

  4. Why does a person weigh less on the Moon than on Earth? a. Moon’s gravitational force is weaker than Earth’s. b. Moon has less mass than Earth. c. There is no atmosphere on the Moon. d. None of the above.

  5. If the mass of an object is doubled, what happens to its weight? a. It doubles. b. It halves. c. It remains the same. d. It quadruples.

True/False:

  1. True or False: Gravitational force is a contact force.

  2. True or False: Weight is a vector quantity.

  3. True or False: An object in free fall experiences no gravitational force.

  4. True or False: Gravitational force between two objects is inversely proportional to the product of their masses.

  5. True or False: Weight is dependent on the mass of the object and the acceleration due to gravity.

Fill in the Blanks:

  1. The gravitational force between two objects is directly proportional to the product of their ___________.

  2. The SI unit of gravitational force is ___________.

  3. The acceleration due to gravity on Earth is approximately ___________ m/s².

  4. The weight of an object is the force with which it is attracted towards the ___________.

  5. Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation states that the gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of the ___________ between the two objects.

Short Answer Questions:

  1. Explain why astronauts appear weightless in space.

  2. Define free fall.

  3. How does the gravitational force between two objects change if the distance between them is tripled?

  4. Differentiate between mass and weight.

  5. State Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation.

Long Answer Questions:

  1. Elaborate on the factors that affect gravitational force.

  2. Discuss the concept of weightlessness in a space station.

  3. Calculate the gravitational force between two objects with masses 30 kg and 40 kg separated by a distance of 5 meters. (Use �=6.67×10−11 N m2/kg2)

  4. Explain the phenomenon of tides and how it is related to gravitational forces.

  5. A 50 kg person weighs 500 N on the Earth’s surface. Calculate the person’s weight on the surface of Mars, where the acceleration due to gravity is approximately 3.7 m/s².

Numerical Problems:

  1. An object has a mass of 15 kg. Calculate its weight on Earth. (Use �=9.8 m/s2)

  2. The mass of a planet is 2×1024 kg, and its radius is 6×106 m. Calculate the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the planet. (Use �=6.67×10−11 N m2/kg2)

  3. If the gravitational force between two objects is 180 N and the distance between them is 6 m, calculate the mass of each object. (Use �=6.67×10−11 N m2/kg2)

  4. A satellite orbits the Earth at an altitude of 400 km. Calculate its orbital speed. (Radius of Earth = 6.371×106 m, �=9.8 m/s2)

  5. Explain the concept of escape velocity and calculate it for a planet with a mass of 4×1024 kg and a radius of 6×106 m. (Use �=6.67×10−11 N m2/kg2)

Diagram-Based Questions:

  1. Draw a diagram illustrating the concept of gravitational force between two objects.

  2. Label the parts of the formula �=�⋅�1⋅�2�2.

  3. Create a diagram showing the difference between mass and weight.

  4. Draw a diagram explaining why a person weighs less on the Moon.

  5. Illustrate the concept of free fall.

Application-Based Questions:

  1. Discuss how the knowledge of gravitational force is essential in planning space missions.

  2. Explain how the weight of an object changes as it moves from the Earth’s surface to a higher altitude.

  3. Describe the role of gravitational force in keeping the planets in orbit around the Sun.

  4. Discuss the gravitational forces involved in the formation of galaxies.

  5. How does understanding gravitation help in predicting the motion of celestial bodies?

Experimental Questions:

  1. Devise an experiment to measure the acceleration due to gravity using simple materials.

  2. Explain how you would design an experiment to demonstrate the inverse square relationship in Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation.

  3. Propose an experiment to determine the mass of an unknown object using a simple pendulum.

  4. Describe an experiment to investigate the effect of varying masses on the gravitational force between two objects.

  5. Suggest an experiment to illustrate the concept of weightlessness in microgravity environments.

Thought-Provoking Questions:

  1. If you were on a planet where the acceleration due to gravity was twice that of Earth, how would your weight be affected?

  2. Discuss the implications of a world without gravity.

  3. How does the absence of an atmosphere on the Moon affect the concept of free fall?

  4. If you could change one factor in the formula for gravitational force (�=�⋅�1⋅�2�2), what would it be, and how would it impact the universe?

  5. Do you think humans will ever be able to manipulate gravitational forces for space travel? Why or why not?

Historical Perspective Questions:

  1. Explore the contributions of Sir Isaac Newton to the understanding of gravitation.

  2. How did the observations of Galileo Galilei contribute to our understanding of free fall and gravity?

  3. Discuss the role of Johannes Kepler’s laws of planetary motion in the development of the concept of gravitational force.

  4. How did Albert Einstein’s theory of general relativity impact our understanding of gravity?

  5. Investigate the historical context in which the concept of weightlessness in space was first understood.

Cross-Disciplinary Questions:

  1. In what ways does the study of gravitation intersect with mathematics?

  2. How does the concept of weight relate to the field of engineering, especially in designing structures and vehicles?

  3. Explore the impact of gravitational forces on biological systems, such as human physiology.

  4. Discuss the role of gravitational forces in environmental science, especially in understanding phenomena like tides.

  5. How can the principles of gravitation be applied in the field of astrophysics?

Case Study Questions:

  1. Analyze the gravitational forces at play in the formation of our solar system.

  2. Investigate the challenges faced by engineers in planning and executing space missions due to gravitational forces.

  3. Explore the role of gravitational forces in the stability of satellite orbits.

  4. Discuss the impact of changing gravitational conditions on human health during long-term space travel.

  5. Examine the historical case of the Hubble Space Telescope and its reliance on gravitational forces for its orbit.

Critical Thinking Questions:

  1. Do you think there could be planets in the universe with gravitational forces significantly different from those on Earth? How might life evolve in such conditions?

  2. If there were no gravity, how would our daily lives be different?

  3. Reflect on the ethical considerations of future space exploration involving altering gravitational conditions.

  4. How might advancements in our understanding of gravity contribute to solving global challenges on Earth?

  5. Debate the importance of studying gravity compared to other fundamental forces in the universe.

Real-World Application Questions:

  1. Explore the use of artificial gravity in space stations for the health of astronauts.

  2. Investigate how understanding gravitational forces is crucial for the accurate functioning of GPS systems.

  3. Discuss the role of gravitational forces in the design and operation of amusement park rides.

  4. Examine the impact of gravitational forces on the flight of aircraft.

  5. How do gravitational forces influence the design and stability of buildings and structures?

Mathematical Application Questions:

  1. Using the formula �=�⋅�1⋅�2�2, calculate the gravitational force between two objects with masses 60 kg and 80 kg separated by a distance of 4 meters. (Use �=6.67×10−11 N m2/kg2)

  2. If the gravitational force between two objects is 200 N and the distance between them is 8 m, calculate the mass of each object. (Use �=6.67×10−11 N m2/kg2)

  3. A planet has a mass of 5×1024 kg, and its radius is 7×106 m. Calculate the acceleration due to gravity on the surface of the planet. (Use �=6.67×10−11 N m2/kg2)

  4. A satellite orbits the Earth at an altitude of 500 km. Calculate its orbital speed. (Radius of Earth = 6.371×106 m, �=9.8 m/s2)

  5. Explain the relationship between the mass of an object and its weight using the formula Weight=�⋅�.

Practical Application Questions:

  1. Discuss the role of gravitational forces in the formation and behavior of black holes.

  2. Explore the challenges and solutions faced by architects and engineers in designing structures in areas with high or low gravitational forces.

  3. How does an understanding of gravitational forces contribute to the accuracy of satellite-based technologies, such as weather forecasting?

  4. Investigate the impact of changing gravitational conditions on agriculture and plant growth.

  5. Reflect on how advancements in our understanding of gravity might influence future space tourism.

Revision and Recap Questions:

  1. Summarize Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation in one sentence.

  2. Explain why astronauts experience weightlessness in space.

  3. Differentiate between mass and weight, providing examples.

  4. If the distance between two objects is halved, how does the gravitational force between them change?

  5. Discuss the significance of the acceleration due to gravity in everyday life.

Remember to adapt these questions according to the specific focus and depth of the curriculum you are covering.

CHAPTER-10 WORK AND ENERGYRead Moreâž”

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

  1. What is the formula for calculating work in physics?

    • A) Work = Force × Distance
    • B) Work = Mass × Acceleration
    • C) Work = Power × Time
    • D) Work = Energy / Distance

  2. If an object is at rest, what is its kinetic energy?

    • A) Zero
    • B) 1/2 mv²
    • C) mgh
    • D) Depends on the mass

Fill in the Blanks:

  1. The unit of work in the International System is ___________.

  2. The energy possessed by an object due to its position is called ___________ energy.

True/False:

  1. In the absence of an external force, the total mechanical energy of a system is always conserved. (True/False)

  2. Work done by a force is positive when the force and displacement are in the opposite direction. (True/False)

Short Answer Questions:

  1. Explain the relationship between work and energy.

  2. A force of 15 N is applied to lift a book vertically upwards by 2 meters. Calculate the work done.

Diagram-Based Questions:

  1. Draw a labeled diagram illustrating the conversion of mechanical energy in a hydroelectric power plant.

Matching:

Match the following types of energy to their correct descriptions.

  1. A. Kinetic Energy

    • i. Energy stored in chemical bonds.

  2. B. Potential Energy

    • ii. Energy of motion.

Long Answer/Essay Questions:

  1. Discuss the principle of conservation of energy. Provide examples to illustrate this principle.

  2. Explain how different forms of energy are involved in the operation of a solar-powered calculator.

Application-Based Questions:

  1. A car is initially at rest. Describe the changes in its kinetic and potential energy as it accelerates up a hill and then coasts back down.

  2. Design an experiment to demonstrate the conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy using common household items.

    Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

    1. Which of the following is a unit of energy?

      • A) Newton
      • B) Joule
      • C) Watt
      • D) Kilogram

    2. What is the SI unit of power?

      • A) Joule
      • B) Watt
      • C) Newton
      • D) Kilogram

    Fill in the Blanks:

    1. The energy associated with the motion of particles in a substance is called ___________ energy.

    2. The work-energy theorem states that the work done on an object is equal to the change in its ___________.

    True/False:

    1. When an object is in free fall, its potential energy is constant. (True/False)

    2. Power is the rate of doing work. (True/False)

    Short Answer Questions:

    1. Explain the concept of gravitational potential energy. How does it depend on the mass and height of an object?

    2. Define power and provide a formula for calculating power.

    Diagram-Based Questions:

    1. Draw a diagram illustrating the conversion of solar energy into electrical energy in a photovoltaic cell. Label the key components.

    Matching:

    Match the following energy transformations with their correct examples.

    1. A. Chemical to Thermal

      • i. A car engine burning gasoline.

    2. B. Mechanical to Electrical

      • ii. Wind turning the blades of a wind turbine.

    Long Answer/Essay Questions:

    1. Discuss the factors that affect the amount of work done when a force acts on an object.

    2. Explain how energy is conserved in a swinging pendulum.

    Application-Based Questions:

    1. A student lifts a backpack weighing 20 N to a height of 2 meters. Calculate the gravitational potential energy gained by the backpack.

    2. Suggest ways to increase the efficiency of energy conversion in a simple machine like a pulley system.

    These questions cover a range of topics and question formats commonly found in CBSE examinations. Feel free to let me know if you need more or if there’s a specific type of question you’re interested in!

CHAPTER-11 SOUNDRead Moreâž”

Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (2 marks each)

  1. Sound waves are: a) Transverse b) Longitudinal c) Electromagnetic d) Standing

  2. The SI unit of frequency is: a) Hertz b) Decibel c) Newton d) Watt

  3. Which property of sound determines its quality? a) Loudness b) Pitch c) Amplitude d) Frequency

  4. The speed of sound is maximum in: a) Solids b) Liquids c) Gases d) Vaccum

  5. What phenomenon causes a sonic boom? a) Refraction b) Diffraction c) Constructive interference d) Shock waves

Section B: Short Answer Questions (3 marks each)

  1. Explain the term ‘frequency’ of a sound wave.

  2. How does the amplitude of a sound wave affect its loudness?

  3. Define the term ‘echolocation’ and provide an example of an animal that uses it.

  4. State the laws of reflection of sound.

  5. Differentiate between infrasound and ultrasound.

Section C: Diagram-based Questions (5 marks each)

  1. Draw a labeled diagram showing the formation of a compression and a rarefaction in a longitudinal wave.

  2. Illustrate the concept of resonance with the help of a labeled diagram.

  3. Draw and label the parts of a simple musical instrument that produces sound by vibrating strings.

  4. Explain with a diagram how noise reduction headphones work.

  5. Draw a diagram showing the construction and working of a human larynx.

Section D: Long Answer Questions (7 marks each)

  1. Discuss the factors affecting the speed of sound in air.

  2. Elaborate on the uses of ultrasound in industrial applications.

  3. Explain how the Doppler effect is observed in sound waves.

  4. Describe the working principle of a sonar system.

  5. Discuss the harmful effects of prolonged exposure to loud noises on human health.

Section E: Application-based Questions (5 marks)

  1. A thunderclap is heard 10 seconds after a lightning flash. Calculate the approximate distance of the thunderstorm from the observer. (Speed of sound = 343 m/s)

  2. How can the knowledge of the properties of sound waves be applied in designing a concert hall for optimal acoustics?

  3. Explain how the sound produced in a musical instrument is affected by changing the tension in its strings.

  4. Describe the role of the eardrum in the process of hearing.

  5. Investigate and explain how different materials affect the transmission of sound.

    Section A: Multiple Choice Questions (2 marks each)

    1. Which of the following materials is a good conductor of sound? a) Wood b) Rubber c) Metal d) Paper

    2. The phenomenon of persistence of sound is due to: a) Refraction b) Diffraction c) Multiple reflections d) Dispersion

    3. What type of wave is a sound wave? a) Transverse b) Longitudinal c) Electromagnetic d) Standing

    4. The sensation of a high pitch is related to: a) High frequency b) Low frequency c) High amplitude d) Low amplitude

    5. In a vacuum, sound: a) Travels faster than in air b) Cannot travel c) Travels at the same speed as in air d) Travels at the speed of light

    Section B: Short Answer Questions (3 marks each)

    1. Explain how the speed of sound changes with temperature.

    2. Why do we hear an echo in a large empty hall but not in a small room?

    3. How does the human ear protect itself from loud sounds?

    4. Describe an experiment to show that sound needs a medium for propagation.

    5. Differentiate between noise and music.

    Section C: Diagram-based Questions (5 marks each)

    1. Draw and label a diagram explaining the formation of a shock wave.

    2. Illustrate how a whispering gallery works with the help of a labeled diagram.

    3. Explain, with a diagram, how an oscilloscope can be used to represent a musical note.

    4. Draw a diagram showing the structure of the human cochlea and its role in hearing.

    5. Create a diagram illustrating the working of a megaphone.

    Section D: Long Answer Questions (7 marks each)

    1. Discuss the factors influencing the pitch of a sound produced by a stretched string.

    2. Explain the applications of ultrasonics in the field of medicine.

    3. Describe an experiment to verify the laws of reflection of sound.

    4. Discuss the role of the ear ossicles in the process of hearing.

    5. How can noise pollution be controlled in urban areas? Discuss.

    Section E: Application-based Questions (5 marks)

    1. A student hears an echo 1.5 seconds after shouting near a cliff. Calculate the distance between the student and the cliff. (Speed of sound = 343 m/s)

    2. Explain how animals use infrasound for communication.

    3. Investigate and discuss the role of sound in the field of telecommunications.

    4. How does the design of a classroom affect the transmission of sound? Discuss.

    5. Propose a solution for reducing noise in a busy urban environment.

    This set adds more questions, providing a comprehensive assessment of the Sound chapter in Class 9 Science based on CBSE standards.

CHAPTER-12 IMPROVEMENT IN FOOD RESOURCESRead Moreâž”

Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

  1. What is the primary goal of improvement in food resources? a) Increase profits b) Enhance nutritional value c) Reduce land usage d) Decrease biodiversity

  2. Which of the following is a method of improving food resources? a) Watching documentaries b) Playing music in farms c) Organic farming d) All of the above

  3. Sustainable food production aims to: a) Maximize short-term yields b) Minimize environmental impact c) Use only chemical fertilizers d) Ignore societal needs

  4. What does GM stand for in GM crops? a) General Modification b) Genetically Modified c) Green Movement d) Growth Manipulation

  5. High-yield crop varieties are developed to: a) Increase the nutritional content b) Resist diseases c) Maximize crop yield d) Enhance color

True/False:

  1. True/False: Organic farming relies on synthetic pesticides and fertilizers.

  2. True/False: Genetic engineering involves manipulating an organism’s genes to achieve a desired trait.

  3. True/False: Sustainable agriculture focuses only on short-term benefits.

  4. True/False: Crop rotation is a practice used in animal husbandry.

  5. True/False: Biofortification involves adding artificial chemicals to crops.

Short Answer Questions:

  1. Define the term “crop rotation.”

  2. Explain the concept of “sustainable food production.”

  3. Name one advantage and one disadvantage of using genetically modified (GM) crops.

  4. What is the significance of high-yield crop varieties?

  5. Describe any two animal husbandry practices that improve the quality of meat.

Match the Following:

  1. Match the method with its description:
    • Organic farming A. Manipulating genes for desired traits
    • Genetic engineering B. Maximizing crop yield without synthetic inputs
    • High-yield crop varieties C. Rotating crops for soil health

Fill in the Blanks:

  1. Sustainable agriculture aims to meet the needs of the ________ without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.

  2. ________ is a method of improving food resources by manipulating an organism’s genes.

  3. In organic farming, the use of synthetic ________ is minimized.

  4. Crop rotation helps in maintaining ________ health and fertility.

Long Answer/Essay Questions:

  1. Explain the role of sustainable agriculture in ensuring food security.

  2. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using genetic engineering in agriculture.

  3. Compare and contrast organic farming and conventional farming methods.

  4. Evaluate the impact of high-yield crop varieties on global food production.

  5. How can small-scale farmers contribute to sustainable food production?

Diagram-Based Questions:

  1. Draw a labeled diagram illustrating the process of biofortification.

  2. Create a flowchart depicting the steps involved in organic farming.

  3. Draw a comparative diagram showing the differences between a genetically modified (GM) crop and a non-GM crop.

  4. Illustrate the concept of crop rotation and its benefits.

Case Study/Scenario-Based Questions:

  1. Read the given scenario and explain how sustainable agricultural practices could address the challenges faced by the farmer.

    Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs):

    1. What is the primary purpose of animal husbandry? a) Maximize plant growth b) Enhance animal health c) Minimize biodiversity d) Decrease soil fertility

    2. Which is a characteristic of genetically modified (GM) crops? a) Increased resistance to pests b) Reduced crop yield c) Lower nutritional content d) Slower growth rate

    3. Which of the following is an example of a sustainable agricultural practice? a) Monoculture b) Heavy pesticide use c) Crop rotation d) Land degradation

    4. Why is biofortification important in improving food resources? a) It enhances the flavor of crops. b) It increases the shelf life of crops. c) It improves the nutritional content of crops. d) It reduces the need for irrigation.

    5. In organic farming, what is used to control pests? a) Synthetic pesticides b) Chemical fertilizers c) Biological pest control d) Antibiotics

    True/False:

    1. True/False: Sustainable agriculture focuses on economic benefits at the expense of environmental concerns.

    2. True/False: Crop rotation helps prevent soil erosion and improves soil fertility.

    3. True/False: Animal husbandry is solely concerned with the breeding of animals.

    4. True/False: High-yield crop varieties are always genetically modified.

    5. True/False: Sustainable agricultural practices do not contribute to addressing climate change.

    Short Answer Questions:

    1. Name one disadvantage of monoculture in agriculture.

    2. Explain how genetic engineering is used to create pest-resistant crops.

    3. What is the primary aim of incorporating leguminous crops in crop rotation?

    4. How does sustainable agriculture contribute to biodiversity conservation?

    5. Define the term “food security” and explain its relevance to improvement in food resources.

    Match the Following:

    1. Match the method with its outcome:
      • Irrigation A. Improved nutritional content
      • Biofortification B. Increased crop yield
      • Sustainable agriculture C. Reduced water usage

    Fill in the Blanks:

    1. Crop rotation helps break the cycle of ________ and pests.

    2. Genetic engineering often involves the insertion of foreign ________ into a plant’s DNA.

    3. Sustainable agriculture aims to promote ecological ________.

    4. Animal husbandry practices contribute to ensuring the ________ of meat and dairy products.

    Long Answer/Essay Questions:

    1. Discuss the role of irrigation in improving food production and its potential environmental impacts.

    2. Evaluate the ethical considerations surrounding the use of genetically modified (GM) crops in agriculture.

    3. Elaborate on the challenges faced by small-scale farmers in adopting sustainable agricultural practices.

    4. Explain the concept of integrated pest management (IPM) and its significance in sustainable agriculture.

    5. How can communities promote sustainable food production at the local level?

    Diagram-Based Questions:

    1. Create a diagram illustrating the components of a sustainable agricultural system.

    2. Draw a flowchart depicting the steps involved in the genetic engineering of crops.

    3. Illustrate the concept of integrated pest management (IPM) through a diagram.

    4. Create a labeled diagram showing the different layers of a soil profile and their significance in agriculture.

    Case Study/Scenario-Based Questions:

    1. Analyze a given scenario and suggest sustainable agricultural practices that could address soil degradation issues.

    Feel free to mix and match these questions based on the depth of understanding you want to assess in your students.

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