Part/unit weightage: 14 marks where the official CBSE structure groups this unit under the indicated section. Theory is 80 marks and project work is 20 marks. citeturn0search11

1. What You Need to Learn

Meaning and importance; organising process; functional and divisional structures; formal and informal organisation; delegation; decentralisation.

2. Core Concepts

Organising involves identifying work, grouping activities, assigning duties, establishing authority relationships and coordinating efforts. Delegation involves authority, responsibility and accountability. Decentralisation distributes decision-making authority throughout the organisation.

3. Common Mistakes

Do not confuse delegation with decentralisation. A functional structure groups similar activities; a divisional structure groups around products, territories or other divisions.

4. Case-Based & Exam Practice

1. Prepare an organisation structure for a company.
2. Identify whether a situation shows delegation or decentralisation.
3. Explain advantages of formal and informal organisation..

5. Quick Revision Checklist

• Can you define the key terms in NCERT language?
• Can you identify the concept from a business case?
• Can you explain the reason, feature, advantage or limitation?
• Can you apply the concept to a new situation?

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